Introduction
In the rice processing process, the rice husker is one of the essential machines. It helps remove the husk from the paddy rice. The performance of the rice hulling machine directly affects the efficiency of the following processing stages. The rubber roller rice hulling machine uses rubber rollers to remove the husk. It has a high husking efficiency and low breakage rate. This type of machine is one of the most common rice hullers on the market now.
Types of rice husker:
The rubber roller rice hulling machine includes the pressure-type rice husker and the pneumatic rice husker. Both can effectively help remove the husk from the raw grain, and their functions are the same. However, there are more or fewer differences in many aspects. Below, I will introduce them individually to help you choose the rice huller that best meets your needs.
Differences:
Working principle
After the paddy rice is cleaned to remove light and hard impurities, it enters the huller through the feeding inlet. It is evenly fed into the gap between the rubber rollers by the feeding board. The internal operation of the two types of machines differs during this process.
The pressure-type rice husker applies pressure to the rubber rollers through the weight to remove the husk. The gap between the rubber rollers is manually adjusted using a lever. In contrast, the pneumatic rice husker adjusts the rubber roller pressure infinitely with air pressure. It is equipped with an automatic sensor. When the material enters, the rubber rollers automatically close to husking the rice. When there is no material, the rollers automatically open.
After husking, the mixture of rice and husks enters the husk separation chamber, where the husks are blown away by a fan, separating them from the grains.
Components
The two machines have some common components, as well as their own unique parts, which help ensure the complete operation of each machine system.
The pressure-type rice husker uses mechanical pressure, with a weight applying force to the rubber rollers to perform the hulling function. Its main components include the feeding system, rubber rollers, weight, adjustment mechanism, drive system, gear transmission box, husk separation chamber, and frame.
1. Feeding Device
The feeding device consists of a hopper, flow control system, and feeding plate. It evenly delivers grains into the hulling rubber rollers for husking.
2. Rubber Rollers
The rubber rollers are the key working components of the huller. They are typically a pair of rubber or plastic rollers mounted on cast iron cylinders. One roller is fixed in place, while the other is adjustable to change the gap between them. As the rice passes through the gap, the rollers rotate at different speeds, with a speed difference of 2 to 3.2 meters per second. The pressure and friction between the rollers remove the husk from the rice.
3. Adjustment Mechanism
The adjustment mechanism includes the feeding adjustment system and the weight gap adjustment system. It is used to control the rice feeding rate and the gap between the weight and the rubber rollers.
4. Gear Transmission Box
The gear transmission box alternates the use of fast and slow rollers, ensuring stable linear speed and speed differences, which improves production efficiency. It adjusts the rotation speed to meet different working requirements while reducing wear on the rubber rollers and drive system, thus extending the equipment’s lifespan.
5. Husk Separation Chamber
The husk separation chamber includes a fan and a screening device. The fan extracts the husk, while the screening device helps reduce the amount of husk in the paddy mixture.
The pneumatic rice husker uses a pneumatic system to apply pressure by adjusting the compressed air pressure on the rubber rollers to husk the rice. Compared to the pressure-type rice husker, it is more complex, as it includes a pneumatic system and automated control components.
1. Pneumatic System
The pneumatic system consists of a cylinder, pressure regulator valve, and compressed air system. The cylinder applies pressure to the rice huller, the pressure regulator valve controls the air pressure, and the air pump supplies the compressed air.
2. Automatic Control System
The automatic control system includes sensors and a controller, which monitor and adjust the machine’s operation in real time. For example, the automatic sensors efficiently detect the incoming rice, automatically adjusting the rollers to close and separate, saving labor while ensuring optimal husking performance.
Production efficiency
The pressure-type rice husker applies pressure using mechanical force, resulting in slower processing speeds. Its production efficiency is limited by the manual adjustment and accuracy of pressure control. The machine typically has a lower processing capacity per hour, and the precision of manual adjustments depends on the operator’s experience. In contrast, the pneumatic rice huller uses an air system to precisely adjust the pressure, allowing for higher processing capacity. Its automatic adjustment system can modify the pressure based on factors like rice variety and moisture content, reducing adjustment time, improving adaptability, and offering higher automation.
Hulling effect
The husking performance is a key indicator of a rice hulling’s efficiency. There are noticeable differences in husking performance between the pressure-type rice huller and the pneumatic rice huller. It is important to ensure that the moisture content of the rice does not exceed a certain level before husking, as rubber rollers have poor adaptability when hulling rice with high moisture content.
The pressure-type rice huller may have lower husking efficiency due to less precise pressure control. Some rice may remain husked or not fully hulled, especially when the rice contains immature or harder grains. The pneumatic rice huller, however, uses a pneumatic system to precisely control the pressure. It can adjust the air pressure based on the rice variety, moisture content, and other factors, resulting in more uniform and efficient husking.
Application Scenario
Both the pressure-type rice husker and the pneumatic rice husker can be used in rice milling production lines. However, due to differences in production efficiency and hulling performance, the pressure-type rice huller requires more processing in the subsequent steps, such as paddy separation and secondary hulling, after the first husking. The pressure-type rice husker is suitable for small-scale production, as it is relatively simple to operate. If your production line does not require high hulling accuracy, the pressure-type rice husker may be a good choice. However, if you need high-volume production and better hulling quality, the pneumatic rice husker will better meet your needs.
Price
The pneumatic rice huller uses more advanced technology, which can significantly reduce labor costs. However, it is typically priced at least 4,000 yuan higher than the pressure-type huller. The exact price depends on the production capacity and model. Therefore, the choice should be based on your specific application needs.
Maintenance
The pressure-type rice huller has a simple structure with fewer components. During regular maintenance, you need to clean the machine regularly to prevent blockages and lubricate the bearings. When using the pressure-type rice huller, ensure that the rice is fed evenly to avoid the rubber rollers spinning without material, which can damage the rollers. It is also important to regularly check and replace parts, as the weight, rubber rollers, and drive belts will wear out over time. Replacing them regularly helps maintain production efficiency. Due to the machine’s design, replacing the rubber rollers on the pressure-type rice huller is not very convenient.
The pneumatic rice huller requires regular checks of the pneumatic system to ensure stable air pressure and prevent leaks or insufficient pressure. In daily operation, you also need to clean the machine and lubricate its components to ensure its normal operation. Replacing the rubber rollers on the pneumatic rice huller is more convenient.
Conclusion
In summary, both the pressure-type rice husker and the pneumatic rice husker are effective machines for removing rice husks. Each has its own advantages, and the choice should be based on the specific application, price, and maintenance considerations mentioned above. ANON Agricultural Machinery aims to provide machines that meet the needs of every customer, helping to enhance food production.
FAQ
What is the difference between a husk and a hull?
Husk (or hull) in botany is the outer shell or coating of a seed. In the United States, the term husk often refers to the leafy outer covering of an ear of maize (corn) as it grows on the plant. Literally, a husk or hull includes the protective outer covering of a seed, fruit, or vegetable.
What is the traditional method of husking rice?
Crush the rice in a mortar until the rice husk separates from the rice. Repeat the process until the desired quality is achieved. Then, pour the rice into a separate container and perform air selection to remove the outer shell from the grains. This process is rice husking.
What are the different types of hullers?
Hullers may be of three types, stone disk, rubber roll, and impeller.
Is rice husk a waste?
Rice husk is a large-tonnage waste left from rice production. It is not subject to humification and therefore becomes a serious environmental pollutant. Due to the presence of two essential elements—carbon and silicon—in its composition, rice husk is a promising organo-mineral raw material.
